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Title
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Konfigurasi Static Default Router
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Isue Date
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05 September 2016 | |
Prepared By
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Rika Alfiani
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Teacher
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Bapak Suyatno S.Kom
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SMK
AL-BAHRI
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Static Default Router
I. ISI CONTENTA. Topologi
Tabel Addressing
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Default Gateway |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.1.254 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| Fa1/0 | 12.12.12.1 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| Lo1 | 172.16.1.1 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| Lo2 | 172.16.2.2 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.2.254 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| Fa1/0 | 12.12.12.2 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| Lo3 | 172.16.3.3 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| Lo4 | 172.16.4.4 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A | |
| S1 | N/A | VLAN 1 | N/A | N/A |
| S2 | N/A | VLAN 1 | N/A | N/A |
| Laptop1 | NIC | 192.168.1.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.254 |
| Laptop2 | NIC | 192.168.2.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.2.254 |
Tujuan
- Setting static default route
Static default route adalah static route dengan network address destination 0.0.0.0 dan subnet mask 0.0.0.0. Dikenal juga sebagai “quad zero” route. Static default route melakukan identifikasi gateway yang akan digunakan oleh router untuk mengirimkan semua paket IP untuk network destination yang tidak diketahui di routing table, sehingga akan diforward ke route 0.0.0.0/0.
Untuk konfigurasi static default route dapat menggunakan next-hop ip address atau exit-interface.
| Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 {ip-address or exit-intf} |
- Default route dapat digunakan ketika network destination tidak diketahui (Internet)
- Default route dapat digunakan ketika hanya ada satu jalur keluar untuk semua network destination
- Dapat mengurangi ukuran routing table
- Jika router tidak menemukan entry network destination di routing table, maka router akan memforward paket ke default route
- Menjadi route pilihan terakhir di routing table
Login console ke R1 atau R2 untuk mempraktikkan Lab-5 Static Default Route.
Setting static default route di R1
Command untuk mensetting static default route menggunakan next-hop ip address.
R1(config)#
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2
R1(config)#
Command untuk mensetting static default route menggunakan exit-interface
R1(config)#
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa1/0
R1(config)#
Pilih salah satu command diatas apakah ingin menggunakan next-hop ip address atau exitinterface.
Tampilkan routing table di R1
| R1#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, ia – IS-IS inter area * – candidate default, U – per-user static route, o – ODR P – periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 12.12.12.2 to network 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1 C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.2 |
Tes Ping dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2
| Laptop1>ping 192.168.2.1
Pinging 192.168.2.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms |
Traceroute dari Laptop1 ke Laptop2
Laptop1>tracert 192.168.2.1
Tracing route to 192.168.2.1 over a maximum of 30 hops:
- 1 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.1.254
- 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 12.12.12.2
- 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.2.1
Lab static default route di R1 sudah berhasil. Konfigurasi eksisting saat ini R1 menggunakan static default route dan R2 menggunakan static route.
Tampilan routing table di R2
| R2#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, ia – IS-IS inter area * – candidate default, U – per-user static route, o – ODR P – periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets S 172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 S 172.16.2.0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback1 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 |
Sekarang kita akan mencoba static default route di R2, berarti di R1 harus disetting static route terlebih dahulu dan hapus konfigurasi static default route yang ada. Cek kembali solution Lab 4.
Command untuk menghapus settingan static default route menggunakan next-hop ip address.
R1(config)#
R1(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.2
R1(config)#
Command untuk menghapus settingan static default route menggunakan exit-interface
R1(config)#
R1(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa1/0
R1(config)#
Setting static route di R1
R1(config)#
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.2
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.2
R1(config)#ip route 172.16.4.0 255.255.255.0 12.12.12.2
R1(config)#
Sebelum melanjutkan langkah berikutnya, hapus terlebih dahulu static route di R2. Dan tampilkan hasilnya menggunakan show ip route, pastikan hanya C saja yang masih ada di routing table R2.
Setting static default route di R2
Command untuk mensetting static default route menggunakan next-hop ip address.
R2(config)#
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.12.12.1
R2(config)#
Command untuk mensetting static default route menggunakan exit-interface
| R2(config)#
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 fa1/0 R2(config)# |
Tampilkan routing table di R2
| R2#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, ia – IS-IS inter area * – candidate default, U – per-user static route, o – ODR P – periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 12.12.12.1 to network 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 R2# |
Tes Ping dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1
| Laptop2>ping 192.168.1.1
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 3ms |
Traceroute dari Laptop2 ke Laptop1
| Laptop2>tracert 192.168.1.1
Tracing route to 192.168.1.1 over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 1 ms 0 ms 0 ms 192.168.2.254 2 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms 12.12.12.1 3 1 ms 11 ms 11 ms 192.168.1.1 Trace complete. |
| Note: langkah diatas harus dijalankan secara bergantian agar bisa mensimulasikan static default route di R1 maupun R2. |
Verifikasi
Proses konfigurasi diatas sekaligus dilakukan proses verifikasi. Untuk melihat hasil settinggan, gunakan command show running-config.
Tampilkan routing table R2
| R2#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, ia – IS-IS inter area * – candidate default, U – per-user static route, o – ODR P – periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 12.12.12.1 to network 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3 C 172.16.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback4 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 |
Tampilkan routing table static R2
| R2#show ip route static S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 R2# |
Tampilkan routing table connected R2
| R2#show ip route connected
C 12.12.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0 C 172.16.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback3 C 172.16.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback4 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R2# |
Opsi menampilkan routing table
Ada beberapa pilihan untuk menampilkan routing table, apakah ingin menampilkan static saja atau yang lainnya. Gunakan tanda ? untuk melihat opsi yang tersedia.
| R2#show ip route ?
WORD Network to display information about or hostname bgp Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP) connected Connected eigrp Enhanced Interior
Routing Protocol (EIGRP) ospf Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) rip
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) static Static routes summary Summary
of all routes <cr> R2# |
SEMOGA BERMAFAAT , SEKIAN DAN TERIMA KASIH
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